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Are you planning to install pavers yourself this year? Or have you noticed a problem with your current pavers that seems to go beyond surface issues? Understanding the anatomy of a paver is a crucial step to anyone who is considering investing in them.
Layer 1. The Base
For most patios and walkways, you need a base layer of at least 4 to 6 inches in depth. (For driveways or other areas with heavy traffic or wet soil, you will need 12 inches of base materials.) Base materials are typically irregularly, coarse, crushed stones. These types of stones compact well while still allowing for proper drainage, which are both vital features of a base layer.
Layer 2. The Sand
The sand layer is typically 1 to 1.5 inches deep. The sand is used to cradle your pavers on top of the base layer, and hold them in place. Most experts recommend coarse sand that is evenly distributed over the base. This allows for that all-important drainage, as well as providing a flexible, but solid support system for your pavers.
Layer 3. The Paver
Paver thicknesses vary between brand, style and materials. However, on average, pavers are 2 3/8 to 3 1/8 inches thick. Pavers are placed directly on top of the sand layer. Pavers are cut to size for edges and off shapes and should be snuggly fit together.
Layer 4. The Joint Filler
Experts recommend you use polymeric filler sand. Sand is distributed on top of the pavers after they have been installed. It is then swept into the cracks. Polymeric sand forms a glue-like paste when water is added and solidifies once dried. This created a much stronger hold and longer lasting placement.
Layer 5. The Sealant
Most experts also recommend you protect your pavers. This is done by adding a sealant once your pavers have dried and settled. This waterproof barrier helps to enhance your pavers’ natural colors and textures, while repelling damaging water and UV rays. Sealing your pavers can ensure they last for many years to come and remain as beautiful and undamaged as the day you installed them.
Optional Additions
Other layers may be included with your paver installation. For instance, some professionals will recommend that a weed blocking fabric be laid even before you install the base layer stones. Doing this will help to discourage weed growth and infestations that may disrupt your foundation and sprout up between your pavers. Some experts also recommend an edge restraint be added around the sides of your planned paver space to help maintain the intended shape. These plastic or metal barriers are secured to the base layer with 12-inch spikes before sand is added.
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